Long Multiplication Calculator

Multiply, add or subtract whole numbers with the column method, showing every step.

Operation	Multiply
First number	4728
Second number	356

Operation

First number

Second number

Product

1,683,168

4,728 × 356 = 1,683,168.

Exact. Checked exactly.

Method: Partial products
Worked out with: AllCalcHub whole-number arithmetic
Check: Every step recomputed with exact fractions

Area model: split both numbers by place value

×	300	50	6
4,000	1,200,000	200,000	24,000
700	210,000	35,000	4,200
20	6,000	1,000	120
8	2,400	400	48

1
4728 × 6
28,368
2
4728 × 5 × 10 (shift 1 place)
236,400
3
4728 × 3 × 100 (shift 2 places)
1,418,400
4
Add the partial products
1,683,168

About the Long Multiplication Calculator

Enter two numbers and choose multiplication, addition or subtraction. The calculator shows the full column working, with partial products and carries, as taught in school.

Long multiplication multiplies the top number by each digit of the bottom number, shifting one place left for each digit (tens, hundreds…), then adds the partial products. Column addition and subtraction work right to left, carrying or borrowing tens. Exact for numbers up to 40 digits.

The formula

a × b = Σ a × digitᵢ × 10ⁱ

Worked example

4,728 × 356

4,728 × 6 = 28,368; × 50 = 236,400; × 300 = 1,418,400
Add the partial products
= 1,683,168

Questions people ask

Why shift the partial products?

The second digit is tens, so its product is ten times bigger.

What's the grid method?

The same partial products arranged in a grid; the answer is identical.